"Computers enable artists to calculate such effects with new precision – just as they enable 3D film-makers to achieve similar illusions. But all these modern wonders go back to the Renaissance when the closest thing to a computer was a set-square. The science improves. The locations change from churches and palaces to cinema screens and street surfaces. Our capacity for wonder lives on." (BBC) - http://bit.ly/zwfkuz
These are becoming more popular these days - it seems - but this video gives a little insight into the creation of an anamorphic street image.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lm3bUEePRMU&feature=player_embedded
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lm3bUEePRMU&feature=player_embedded